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[RC] Detecting dehydration - Ridecamp Guest

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Authors A Sarvazyan, A Tatarinov, N Sarvazyan
Title   Ultrasonic assessment of tissue hydration status
Full source     Ultrasonics, 2005, Vol 43, Iss 8, pp 661-671

Tissue water content is an important diagnostic parameter that can be used for 
estimation of water loss in muscles such as common dehydration during high 
endurance exercises. It could be also applied for evaluation of the increased 
fluids content in the tissue caused by the variety of pathological conditions 
or edemas. Ultrasonic method for tissue water content monitoring is based on 
the premise that the speed of a bulk or compression sound wave is determined 
mainly by the molecular content of the tissue. Most soft tissues, including 
muscles that consist of about 70-80% water, exhibit shift of the ultrasound 
velocity associated with the change in their water content. In the present 
paper, we tested the feasibility of assessing changes in tissue water content 
by measurements of ultrasound velocity in ex vivo animal muscle tissues. An 
increase in the ultrasound velocity correlated with the volumetric water loss 
in the tissue was observed when other tissue components (proteins, fat) 
remained constant. Possibility to assess muscle dehydration with 1% accuracy 
was confirmed in model dehydration experiments, where ultrasound velocity slope 
of about 3 m/s per 1% of water loss was revealed at measurement error less than 
2 m/s. Hence, the ultrasonic approach can provide basis for a convenient, 
lightweight system in sports medicine for monitoring total body hydration 
during long-term endurance exercise in hot conditions, as well as for edemas 
monitoring and other medical applications.


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