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[RC] Adaptation - Ridecamp Guest

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Authors JS Kim, KW Hinchcliff, M Yamaguchi, LA Beard, CD Markert, ST Devor
Title   Exercise training increases oxidative capacity and attenuates 
exercise-induced ultrastructural damage in skeletal muscle of aged horses
Full source     Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005, Vol 98, Iss 1, pp 334-342

Exercise training improves functional capacity in aged individuals. Whether 
such training reduces the severity of exercise-induced muscle damage is 
unknown. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of 10 wk 
of treadmill exercise training on skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and 
exercise-induced ultrastructural damage in six aged female Quarter horses ( > 
23 yr of age). The magnitude of ultrastructural muscle damage induced by an 
incremental exercise test before and after training was determined by electron 
microscopic examination of samples of triceps, semimembranosus, and masseter ( 
control) muscles. Maximal aerobic capacity increased 22% after 10 wk of 
exercise training. The percentage of type IIa myosin heavy chain increased in 
semimembranosus muscle, whereas the percentage of type IIx myosin heavy chain 
decreased in triceps muscle. After training, triceps muscle showed significant 
increases in activities of both citrate synthase and 
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase. Attenuation of exercise-induced 
ultrastructural muscle damage occurred in the semimembranosus muscle at both 
the same absolute and the same relative workloads after the 10-wk conditioning 
period. We conclude that aged horses adapt readily to intense aerobic exercise 
training with improvements in endurance, whole body aerobic capacity, and 
muscle oxidative capacity, and heightened resistance to exercise-induced 
ultrastructural muscle cell damage. However, adaptations may be muscle-group 
specific.


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