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[RC] Perceived exertion - Ridecamp Guest

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Perceived exertion means the athlete's perception of how hard he's working. 
When perceived exertion rises, the athlete loses enthusiasm for work. The 
following paper demonstrates that Perceived exertion precedes other markers of 
overtraining. this means that your horse will tell you he's approaching the 
overtraining condition before more severe symptoms appear.



Authors GJWM Rietjens, H Kuipers, JJ Adam, WHM Saris, E vanBreda, D vanHamont, 
HA Keizer
Title   Physiological, biochemical and psychological markers of strenuous 
training-induced fatigue
Full source     International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005, Vol 26, Iss 1, 
pp 16-26

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether severe fatigue, possibly 
leading to overreaching, could be diagnosed at an early stage by a combination 
of parameters. Seven well-trained mate subjects (age [mean SD]: 25.3 +/- 4.7yr; 
body mass: 76 +/- 6.6kg; VO2 max: 61.1 +/- 7ml(.)kg(-1.)min(-1)) increased 
their training load by doubling their training volume and increasing the 
intensity by 15% over a period of two weeks. Before and after this intensified 
training period subjects underwent a series of tests including a maximal 
incremental cycle ergometer test (Wmax) with continuous ventilatory 
measurements and blood lactate values, time trial, basal blood parameter tests 
(red and white blood profile), hormones [growth hormone (GH), insulin-like 
growth factor 1(IGF-1), adreno-corticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol], 
neuro-endocrine stress test [short insulin tolerance test (SITT), combined 
anterior pituitary test (CAPT) and exercise], a shortened Profile of Mood State 
(POMS), the estimated rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and a cognitive reaction 
time test. The intensified training period resulted in a significant increase 
of the training load (p < 0.01), training monotony (p < 0.01) and training 
strain (p < 0.01). The RPE during training increased significantly (p < 0.01) 
during the intensified training period. Total mood score obtained from the POMS 
tended to in-crease (p = 0.06), reflecting an increase in worse mood state. A 
novel finding was that reaction times increased significantly, indicating that 
overreaching might adversely affect speed of information processing by the 
brain, especially for the most difficult conditions. After the intensified 
training period, neither changes in exercise-induced plasma hormone values, nor 
SITT values were observed. During the CAPT only cortisol showed a significant 
decrease after the intensified training period. Hemoglobin showed a significant 
decrease after the intensified training period whereas hematocrit, red blood 
cell count (RBC) and MCV tended to decrease. The intensified training had no 
effect on physical performance (Wmax or time trial), maximal blood lactate, 
maximal heart rate and white blood cell profile. The most sensitive parameters 
for detecting overreaching are reaction time performance (indicative for 
cognitive brain functioning), RPE and to a lesser extend the shortened POMS. 
This strongly suggests, that central fatigue precedes peripheral fatigue. All 
other systems,including the neuro-endocrine, are more robust and react most 
likely at a later stage in exhaustive training periods.


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